Poster Presentation 13-P- 26~44
| 13-P-26 | The effects of tennis training on the acquisition of forehand ground strokes ball spin | Murakami, Shunsuke--Murakami | National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya | Japan | |
| 13-P-27 | An evaluate tennis player's offensive ability by offensive phase incidence | Kitamura T--Kitamura | Biwako seikei sport college | Janapn | |
| 13-P-28 | The relationships between actual performance and objective feedback with computerized scorebook for tennis | Takahashi, Hiroo--Takahashi | National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya | Japan | |
| 13-P-29 | Structural relationships between passing and dribbling plays under various conditions..during basketball game | Sakuragi K-SKimiko | Fukuoka Univ. | Japan | |
| 13-P-30 | Regarding the present state of the training system for basketball player in China | Huang Y--HuangY | Ryutsukeizai Univ. | Japan | |
| 13-P-31 | A research of the fast break after taking the ball in the UEFA EURO 2012 - in comparison with the possession play - | Tamura T--TamuraT | Waseda Univ. | Japan | |
| 13-P-32 | The trend analysis of shooting in Women's National Football Tournaments JAPAN 2013 | Mori M--MoriM | Univ. of Tsukuba | Japan | |
| 13-P-33 | Teaching Program of Soccer for Physical Education in Junior High School | Sato R--SatoR | Hokkaido Univ. | Japan | |
| 13-P-34 | Quantification of defense performance in soccer by using location information | Hayashi Y--HayashiY | Biwako Seikei Sport College | Japan | |
| 13-P-35 | The Injury Prediction in High-School Baseball Players through Functional Movement Screen(FMS) | Woo, SeungSeok--WooSS | Seoul National Univ. | Korea | |
| 13-P-36 | The immediate effect of Hip-abductor muscles exercises on knee valgus angle during single-legged squatting | Nakamine Y--Nakamine | Long-Term Care Health Facilities Gura-ne Kitanosawa | Japan | |
| 13-P-37 | Core Stability and Hip/Knee Muscles Strength for Female Athletes with Dynamic Knee Valgus | Chang, Hsiao-Yun--ChungHY | Chung Shan Medical Univ. | Taiwan | |
| 13-P-38 | Application of Kinesio Taping on Basketball Sport Injuries | Yang Y--YangY | MingDao University, Department of Recreation and Holistic Wellness | Taiwan | |
| 3-P-39 | Effect of Ketogenic diet on Athletic fitness factors and Antioxidant status in Taekwondo athletes | Kim, Sang Rae--KimSR | Chungbuk National Univ. | Korea | |
| 13-P-40 | Cuscuta Chinensis Seed Extract Improves Exercise Performance and Ameliorates muscular injury after exercise | Chen, Wen-Chyuan --ChenWC | Chang Gung Univ. of Science and Technology | Taiwan | |
| 13-P-41 | Cytoprotective Effects of American Ginseng in a Human Submaximal Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Rat Ethanol Gastric Ulcer Model | Hsu, Mei-Chich--HsuMC | Kaohsiung Medical Univ. | Taiwan | |
| 13-P-42 | Comparison of Colonic Transit Time With Physical Activity Amount in Mental Illness Unit Patients | Song, Bong Kil--SongBK | Seoul National Univ. | Korea | |
| 13-P-43 | The Effect of Exercise on Expression of Myokines in Colon Cancer-induced Mice | Kim, JuneHong--KimJH | Seoul National Univ. | Korea | |
| 13-P-44 | Case study of training of 2012 Pralympic swimming medalist.. | Noguchi T--NoguchiT | Nihon Univ. | Japan | ← |
Shunsuke Murakami¹ , Tetsu Kitamura² , Hiroo Takahashi³ , Hidetsugu Nishizono³, Akira Maeda³ ¹Graduate school of Physical Education, National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Japan²Biwako Seikei Sport College, Japan; ³National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Japan
This study aimed to clarify the effects of tennis training in order to learn forehand ground strokes ball spin skill. The participants were two women tennis players (Player A and B) who belonged to the tennis team of a local university. They performed a specific training program on the acquisition of ball spin for forehand ground strokes for 9 months. The content of training program was learning forehand ground strokes ball spin in seven situations which was of different ball bounds height and depth. After the training program, hitting test score was improved and forehand ground strokes form was also changed. This research showed that the participants improved hitting performance on the acquisition of forehand ground strokes ball spin. The result of verbal reports revealed the process of skill acquisition. Ball placement was improved for Player A by a decrease error of out and net. Player A referred about the acquisition of tips of "Brushing wrist work" and "Hitting on higher hitting point and more quickly timing". About player B, some effective advice was "Go into the backswing shorter, swing a racket longer" and "Don't slap, push the ball". Swing form was changed as body turn and swing work smoothly. Besides, ball speed was also improved. Consequently, the present findings indicated that tennis practice on the acquisition of forehand ground strokes ball spin contributes to improvement of tennis performance.
Key words: hitting test, ball speed, ball placement, amount of spin, swing motion, verbal reports
Kitamura T1, Takahashi H2, Murakami S3
1Biwako seikei sport college, Japan; 2National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Japan; 3Graduate school of National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya,Janapn
In coaching process, it is important that the coach evaluates player's performance with clear target value. However, the study of the tennis player's offensive ability has been superficial.The purpose of this study was to investigate the tennis player's offensive ability with offensive phase incidence (OPA incidence). OPA incidence was one of the performance indicators to evaluate tennis player's offensive ability. We analyzed 522 shots from 207 points. Those shots were played by 8 male players ranked in the world top 20th. We judged each rally phases as offensive or defensive and also we investigated the high effective shots incidence in each phase. The effectiveness of each shots was evaluated by the next phase of opponent's shots. When a phase of opponent's shot was defensive, the shot was defined as the high effective shot.As a result, in top male tennis players, OPA incidence was 65.9% of all shots phases. In addition, there were 48.2% of the high effective shots in offensive phases, and 16.3% in defensive phases. Those results suggested that world top male tennis players showed high incidence of offensive phases and leaded to effective shots in this phase. Additionally, they rated effective almost 20% even in defensive phases.
Key words: evaluate performance，target value，top male tennis player's offensive ability
Hiroo Takahashi 1, Shunsuke Murakami 2, Tetsu Kitamura 3
1 National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Japan; 2 Graduate school of National Institute of Fitness and Sports in Kanoya, Japan; 3 Biwako Seikei Sports College,Japan
The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationships between actual performance and objective feedback with computerized scorebook for tennis (Takahashi et al., 2006). A woman collegiate tennis player's performance was analyzed in 5 months. She participated five tournaments in this period. Those matches were analyzed by computerized scorebook for tennis. We analyzed the relationships between results of the matches and qualitative data, such as training (technical, tactical, physical, mental, and so on) and her impressions in each tournament or in training periods. In this training period, she mainly trained aggressive play. She trained drive-volley in technically and net-play in tactically. Those training was affected the results of last shot of rallies. The ratio of aggressive play showed almost 20% in all tournaments. It was almost same ratio as female top class players (Takahashi et al., 2009). And point-winning rate in aggressive play was improved through this period. Finally, the ratio of point winning in aggressive play showed over 50%. Generally, because of unique scoring system of tennis, player-winning probability showed relatively high when player's point winning rate showed over 50%. The improvement of point winning rate in aggressive play through this period was one of the effective change for her. Average rally numbers was 6.0 in all tournaments. This result was almost same with Schornborn (2000). However, It became longer in the matches that were important for her career. She reported that she played more carefully in the matches qualified for intercollegiate tournament than usual.
Key words: match analysis, coaching, tactical training
Kimiko s1,Osamu a1,Ikuo k1,Shinya T
1Fukuoka University Faculty of Sports and Health Science,2General Incorporated Association Cultivative Sports Club, Pro Basketball Team TOKYO EXCELLENCE
This study aimed to investigate the presence of structural relationships between passing and dribbling plays, various conditions, and results of transitions during basketball games.Types of dribbling and passing plays (146 total transitions) conducted by the Japan National Team during six games at the 16th FIBA Women's World Championships were recorded. The 14 passing plays and 7 dribbling plays were examined. We also assessed 10 situations that start transitions, 10 results of transitions in which offensive strategies were applied, whether players could score, whether players could generate scoring opportunities regardless of a successful or failed shot, and whether fouls were committed. A cross-table comprising passing and dribbling plays, conditions, and results was tabulated, and correspondence analysis was subsequently applied.Among starting conditions, rebounds, stealing, and intercepts were located at the upper left of the configuration. Offensive rebounds and throw-ins at the end line in the frontcourt were located on the lower right side. Among the results of transitions, various misplays were located on the upper right side. Among offensive tactics, fast breaks were located at the far upper-left, early offenses were at the near upper-left, and half court set-offenses were located in the center. Effective passes leading to shots were located on the lower left side. Dribbling in the backcourt was located on the far upper left side, and offensive dribbling before assists was on the far lower side. These positions of passing and dribbling, the starting conditions, and the transition results indicated that the direction from the upper left to the lower right could be interpreted as "moving the ball from the backcourt to the frontcourt," and the direction from the upper right to the lower left could be seen as "effective performance for shots from misplays", respectively.
Key words: fast break, game analysis, cross-table
Huang Y1,Kameyama I2,Kuroiwa J2
1Ryutsukeizai University Graduate School, Japan; 2Ryutsukeizai University, Japan
The purpose of this study is to examine the current training system for basketball players in China by comparing it with the systems of Japan and other countries in order to obtain the data for the future development of basketball in China.
Recently, basketball in Asia has become more competitive with the globalization of sports business. Especially, China and Japan have produced outstanding basketball players, making a contribution to the development of basketball in Asia. Thus, this study further explores the training systems of these countries for the development of basketball in Asia. Comparing the training system of basketball in China with that of Japan. Though some basket players are from youth clubs of professional teams founded in the 1990s, a majority of basketball players are from local sports schools. Sports schools in China are intended for students from 13 to 18 years old. They have limited the field of sports exclusively and have not provided general education. In Japan, education and sports are related with each other. Sports themselves do not become independent from other educational systems. The training system of basketball in Japan is based on each school's extracurricular activity and also contributes to the development of local sports. Junior and senior high school students (from 13 to 18 years old) play basketball as extracurricular activities. Among them, talented players can go to college in order to further continue playing basketball.
A broader perspective that integrates sports and education is required. It is important to investigate the sports training systems of other countries. A new training system of basketball in China that is based on the integration of local sports clubs and normal education.
Key words: basketball, training system, China Japan
Tamura T1, Horino H2, Tsuchiya J2
1Graduate school of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Japan; 2Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Japan
The purpose of this study was to quantitatively investigate the fast break after taking the ball in comparison with the possession play. The subjects were 432 shooting scenes (except for set play) of 31 games in the UEFA EURO 2012. "Fast break" was shooting scene within 5 seconds after taking the ball, and "possession play" was the play other than "Fast break". "Fast break" was 107 plays, and "possession play" was 325 plays. Items for testing were the pass number, the point to take the ball (distance from own goal line), the point to take the ball (distance from virtual line connecting the center of the own goal and opponent goal), total moving distance of the ball, distance of the first pass after taking the ball, speed of the first pass after taking the ball, and angle of the first pass after taking the ball. All tests were evaluated by t-test. Statistical significance was set at p<.05 in all tests. The results were as follows:1) "Fast break" was less the pass number than "possession play" (p<.01). 2) "Fast break" took the ball nearer the opponent goal than "possession play" (p<.01). 3) "Fast break" was shorter the total moving distance of the ball than "possession play" (p<.01). 4) "Fast break" was shorter distance of the first pass after taking the ball than "possession play" (p<.05).These results suggest important and quantitative factors of basic tactics in the "Fast break".
Key words: football, tactics, attack, fast break, match analysis
Mori M1, Tamura T2, Horino H3, Nakayama M1, Asai T1
1University of Tsukuba, Japan; 2Graduate school of sport science Waseda University , Japan; 3Faculty of sport science Waseda University, Japan
The purpose of this study was to investigate the trend analysis of shooting in Women's National Football Tournaments JAPAN 2013. Target game was Empress's Cup 2013 is top level of women's football in Japan. The subjects were 79 shooting scene of 3 games in final and semi-final. This study was divided into three pieces of soccer pitch. The name of the area of classification was attacking third, middle third, and defending third from the area close to the opponent goal. Target scene of analysis of the this study is the point to get the ball, the number to touch the ball by assist, the point was assisted, the variety to the pass of the last, the number of to touch the ball by shooter, the point to shoot, the variety to the shoot, the result to shoot, the number of the pass, the variety to attacking, the number of player in attacking, the time to shoot. This study explained a part of the shoot trend of top level women's football in Japan.
Key words: soccer, strategy, tactics, technical, match analysis, shooting,
Sato R1. Takeda T2. Kondo Y1. Yamada Y3.
1Graduate School of Hokkaido University, Japan; 2 Hokusho University, Japan; 3Graduate School of Hokusho University, Japan
Soccer is one of the popular sports played in all over the world. Soccer is taught at physical education in junior high schools in Japan. There are many previous studies on teaching soccer in Japan. Japan Football Association has proposed M-T-M (Match-Training-Match pattern) method. M-T-M method not make clear the teaching content. It is depend on abilities of each teachers. Matsumoto et al.(2001) proposed the structure of techniques-tactics in soccer, analyzed games of U-12 and world cup. The problem of Matsumoto et al.(2001) theory is that; he focused on only attacking tactics without defensive tactics. In government guidelines for teaching of physical education in japan, the method of teaching soccer is described. But, teaching content and teaching materials are not enough to detail the teaching plan. Therefore, it is not possible to be taught well by every teacher. This study proposed teaching program of soccer in physical education in junior high school, which every physical educational teachers is able to use . Method is described below as; 1) Tchniques and Tactics of soccer were structured from the point of view of historical development of soccer. 2) Teaching theory is organized; teaching goals, teaching content, teaching materials, teaching method and assessment.
Key words: Soccer, physical education, teaching method, junior high school
Hayashi Y1，Yamada H2
1Biwako Seikei Sport College，Japan;2Biwako Seikei Sport College,Japan
It is fact that we often assess performance in a soccer game subjectively. And we need multidimensional analyses that can measure many items quantitatively to increase objectivity. Firstly, in this study, I analyzed component factors of defense using delphi method, and I decided measurement items. We performed 4vs4 soccer games at about 28 meters wide and 15meters long court. Twelve male students who play soccer well participated in this experiment. During this experiment we recorded them by using a video camera locating at second floor in a gym. Secondly, I imported this data to a computer and I calculated two dimensions coordinate point of players and a ball location by using two dimensions image analysis (DLT) method. This location information made it possible to quantify defense performance in a soccer game. These results indicated that defense tactics consists of pressure to a soccer ball, compactness, limitation of shoot course, and line control in a soccer game. We can find out four criterion-related validity within eight measurement items belongs to these subordinate domains.
Key words: team sport，performance in a soccer game，criterion-related validity
SeungSeok W, JaeHee K, YeonSoo K, TaeWon J
Seoul National University, Korea
Nowadays, the popularity of physical activity has been increasing more than ever before, and sports or exercise-related injuries are occurring more commonly. The occurrence of injury in youth elite players is more catastrophic than in general public due to its detrimental effects on their athletic career, from the loss of time, the establishment of game strategy and so on. Thus, the purpose of this study is to figure out the relationship between high school baseball players' injury and Functional Movement Screen (FMS), that is prediction of injury by examining 7 functional movements. In this study, 40 male high school baseball players from Seoul and 32 male high school baseball players from Gyeonggi providence were recruited to participate. The frequency, location and reason of injury of the subjects were analyzed with sports injury questionnaire 3 months after examining FMS. As a result, 60% of the total injuries occurred from overuse and the injury of shoulder and elbow joint, which are related to throwing, was resulted most frequently. A positive relationship was found between Active Straight Leg Raise-related injury frequency and Active Straight Leg raise score (r=.23, p<.001) and a negative relationship was found between Deep Squat test-related injury frequency and In-Line Lunge test score (r=-.24, p<.05). Moreover, a group of FMS score of under 14 was more frequently injured than that of over 14, but there was no statistical significance found. Though the low relationship and no significant difference, FMS showed potential power of injury prediction. Further investigation of these potential factors (extension of research, severity of injury, characteristics of a sport and participants, and game exposure time) would be suggested in the future research.
Key words: baseball, injury, functional movement screen
Nakamine Y1,Yoshida M2,Yoshida M2
1 Long-Term Care Health Facilities Gura-ne Kitanosawa, Japan; 2 Department of sport education, School of lifelong sport ,Hokusho University,Japan
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is sports injury to occur in activities that landing or cutting motions. It is thought that the ACL injury is related to the knee valgus position which is called knee-in. Some researchers suggested that the hip abductors muscles play a significant role in avoidance of the knee-in position. The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of the hip abductor exercise on the knee valgus angle during the single leg squat.The 14 female subjects participated in this study. The knee valgus angle during the single leg squat was measured using video camera and the analysis software (Dartfish Software) . The single legged squat was repeated 5 times and the angle of the knee valgus was measured at the 60° knee flexion. The subjects prformed the excercise for the hip joint abductor 20 times as an intervention. After the intervention, knee valgus angle during a single leg squat was measured again. A paired t-test was used to compare the difference in knee valgus angle of the dominant and non-dominant leg for the angle before versus after the intervention.A dominant leg demonstrated that a knee valgus angle during the single leg squat after the intervention significantly decreased compared the angle before the intervention (p <0.05). It is thought that the gluteus medius muscle was immediately stimulated after the exercises for the hip abductor. An immediate effect of the exercise for the hip abductor might reduce the knee-in posture as a risk factor for the ACL injury.
Key words: gluteus medius, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), Knee-in
Hsiao-Yun Chang1, Shih-Chung Cheng2, Chun-Yu Yeh1
1Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan; 2National Taiwan Sports University, Taiwan
Excessive knee valgus might be associates with the occurrence of knee injuries in female athletes. Previous studies had proved that gluteus maximus weakness would increase the angle of knee valgus for female athletes. However, others muscles surrounding the trunk and knee might play a critical role in controlling the hip and knee motion during dynamic movements. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determinate the hip/knee muscles strength and core stability for female athletes with dynamic knee valgus. Twelve female athletes were participated in this study (age: 19.6±0.9 years, height: 162.6±5.4 cm, weight: 57.1±7.7 kg) and divided into control group and dynamic knee valgus (DKV) group. Double-leg lowering test was used to assess the core muscle stability. The FET3 hand-held dynamometer was used to evaluate isometric strength of quadriceps, hamstring, hip adductors, and hip abductors. Then, the strength of hamstring/quadriceps ratio (H/Q ratio) and hip adductors/hip abductors ratio (Hadd/Habd ratio) also were calculated. The independent T-test was used to analyze the hip/knee muscles strength and core stability. The results were showed significant increase in quadriceps strength for DVK group than control group (DVK=32.92±6.09N, CON=24.36±5.62N, p=.031). The Hadd/Habd ratio were showed significant higher in DVK group than control group (DVK=1.29±0.42, CON=0.87±0.23, p = .048). Others had no significantly difference between DKV and control group. In conclusion, the female athletes with DVK had stronger quadriceps and Hadd/Habd ratio.
Key words: Knee valgus, core muscle strength, knee injury
Yang Y, Liu C, Yan R, Jiang M
MingDao University, Department of Recreation and Holistic Wellness, Taiwan
This study explored the application of kinesio taping on basketball sport injuries to learn about whether there is any substantial improvement toward sports injury and muscle fatigue effect. Questionnaires were distributed between April 10-20, 2014 for data collection to 102 school year collegiate first grade male basketball players. Results showed ankle injury shared the highest proportion of basketball injuries, followed by knee injury. These injuries caused by muscle fatigue after strenuous exercise. This study suggests that basketball coach may use kinesio taping for prevention and treatment to improve muscle fatigue effect and reduce sports injuries.
Key Words: kinesio taping, sports injuries, basketball
Sang Rae Kim1, Jae Kyung Byeon1, Hyun Seung Rhyu2, Keun Su Kim3, Sun Hee Park1 1Chungbuk National University, Korea; 2Jungwon University, Korea; 3Air Force Academy, Korea
This study was conducted over a period of three weeks in order to analyze the effects of the Ketogenic Diet on stamina and antioxidant enzyme reactions in Taekwondo athletes in order to determine whether the Ketogenic Diet is effective in weight loss of the athletes.
The experiment was conducted on two groups of high school Taekwondo Athletes over the course of three weeks (Ketogenic Diet: n=12/ control group: n=12) for the purpose of weight loss. We have measured cardiopulmonary endurance(Harvard step test, 2 kilometer run), muscular strength(grip strength), muscular endurance(sit up) and power(standing long jump), as well as Superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA) levels. We also employed SPSS 22.0 statistical analysis software and performed a two-way repeated Analysis of Variance(ANOVA) on the data. We have calculated a significance level of α=.05, and results as detailed below. First, in the group placed on the Ketogenic Diet, cardiopulmonary endurance and muscular endurance significantly increased, and muscular strength and power significantly decreased. Second, in the antioxidant enzyme reaction, SOD significantly decreased, whereas MDA did not show any significant change during the experiment. In conclusion, this study seems to prove that the Ketogenic Diet improves stamina of Taekwondo athletes and does not induce oxidative stress. This study also confirms that the Ketogenic diet is effective in terms of weight loss for Taekwondo athletes.
Key words: Ketogenic Diet, Taekwondo athletes, Athletic fitness factors, antioxidant enzyme reactions
Wen-Chyuan Chen1, Wen-Ching Huang2,Chi-Chang Huang2,, Mei-Chich Hsu3
1 Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan; 2 National Taiwan Sport University, Taiwan; 3 Kaohsiung Medical University in Taiwan, Taiwan
The seed of Cuscuta chinensis (Dodder seed, DS) is one of well-known yang-invigorating agents with anti-inflammatory and multifunctional pharmacological activities. DS is also a traditional medicinal herb commonly used in Asia, however, there is limited evidence for the effect of DSon exercise performance and physical fatigue. We aimed to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of DS water extract on ergogenic and anti-fatigue functions following physiological challenge. Male ICR mice from 3 groups (n = 8 per group) were orally administered DS for 2 weeks at 0, 2054 and 4108 mg/kg/day, which were respectively designated the Vehicle, DS-1X and DS-2X groups. The exercise performance was evaluated by physical activities including grip strength and exhaustive swimming post DS supplementation for 2 weeks. The results showed that the grip strength was significantly increased for 1.15 to 1.28 as compared to vehicle control, but the endurance was not significantly different between treatments. As well, after a 15-min swimming test, the activity of serum creatine kinase (CK), a marker of muscular damage, was significantly lower with the DS-1X than with vehicle alone. On trend analysis, grip strength and endurance swimming time dose-dependently increased with DS supplementation. Therefore, DS supplementation alone improved exercise performance.
Key words: yang-invigorating agent, Exercise performance, Forelimb grip, muscular injury
Mei-Chich Hsu1, 2,Li-Chin Lin3
1Department of Sports Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;2Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sports University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; 3Taiwan Biotec Co., Ltd, Taoyuan, Taiwan
American ginseng (AG, Panax quinquefolium L.) is one of the most popular herbal medicines and a top-selling herbal supplement in the World. We aimed to investigate whether a 4-wk supplementation with AG could improve endurance exercise performance and protect against ethanol-induced ulcer in gastric tissue. In the first experiment, 13 physically active male college students were divided into two groups (AG or placebo) and received supplementation for 4 wk, before the exhaustive running exercise. Treadmill speed was increased to a pace equivalent to 80% VO2max of the subject. In a second experiment, 32 male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups for treatment (n=8/group): supplementation with water (vehicle) and AG-1X, AG-2X and AG-5X at 0, 250, 500, and 1250 mg/kg, respectively, for 4 weeks. At day 29, 75% ethanol was given orally to each animal at 10 mL/kg to induce gastric ulceration for 2 h. We also investigated the possible mechanisms leading to AG-mediated gastric mucosal protection. The major findings of these two experiments were as following: (1) AG supplementation protected high-intensity treadmill running induced skeletal muscle damage; (2) AG treatments dose-dependently decreased the pro-inflammatory mediators and the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins level, increased the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins. Therefore, AG could have pharmacological potential to be a sports supplement and for treating gastric ulcer.
Key words: American ginseng, exercise performance, gastric ulcer; inflammation; apoptosis
Bong Kil Song , Yeon Soo Kim, On Lee, Hyun Jin Kwon
Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sports Science, Seoul National University, Korea
Physical activity (PA) is associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer. we examined the colon transit time (CTT) according to the physical activity amount in mental illness unit patients. The study subjects included 67 adults, with a mean age of 49.8 years. The subjects used an accelerometer for seven days to measure their one-week total energy expenditure (TEE). The subjects took a capsule containing 20 radio-opaque markers for three days. On the fourth day and seventh day, a supine abdominal radiography was performed. According to the TEE of all study subjects, the upper 30%, middle 30%, and lower 40% were classified into groups according to high (H), moderate (M), and low (L) PA. The mean total CTT was 52.0 hours. The segmental CTT for the right, left, and recto-sigmoid colon were, 15.3 hours, 19.2 hours, and 17.4 hours. TCTT in the H group was significantly shorter than in the L group (P = 0.010). A comparison of the segmental CTT between the L, M, and H groups showed that the right CTT (P = 0.010) of the H group was significantly shorter than that of the M group. The left CTT of the M group (P = 0.028) and H group (P = 0.004) was significantly shorter than that of the L group. The recto-sigmoid CTT (P = 0.016) of the M group was significantly shorter than that of the L group. The study showed that moderate and high TEE was assisted with reduced colon transit time.
Key words: Physical activity; Colonic transit time; Accelerometer; Radio-opaque marker; Total energy expenditure
JuneHong Kim, EuHyo Cho, DongSuk Han, YoungSin Kim, HeeJae Lee, SoHyeon Jeong, ByungGul Yim, JaeHwan Kim, TaeWon Jun
Seoul National University,Korea
Recently accumulating evidence indicated that exercise induces the release of cytokines from contracting muscles. These myokines are known as a role in metabolism, also in cancer protection. It was shown that muscle-induced OSM and SPARC can inhibit cancer cell proliferation and induce cancer cell apoptosis in vitro.The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether exercise release SPARC and OSM from contracting muscles and other tissues according to exercise intensity. ICR mice(n=60) at 6-wk old were injected AOM and were treated 3 cycles of DSS solution in drinking water to induce colon cancer. Then at 17-wk old, mice were divided into four groups: Control group(CON), Low intensity exercise group(LIE), Moderate Intensity Exercise group(MIE), High Intensity Exercise group(HIE). All exercise groups performed treadmill exercise at different intensity for 30 minutes, 5 days per week, during 12 weeks. OSM and SPARC was evaluated in muscle, serum, and tumor tissue. We used Elisa assay kit for analysis of OSM and SPARC. The OSM expression was significantly different among exercise groups by exercise intensity in muscle tissue (p=.000); LIE (p= .014), MIE (p=.000), HIE (p=.000), in tumor tissue (p=.000); LIE (p= .000), MIE (p=.000), HIE (p=.000). Also the expression of SPARC were significantly different in muscle tissue (p=.001); LIE (p= .035), MIE (p=.001), HIE (p=.007), in tumor tissue (p=.000); MIE (p=.000), HIE (p=.000). In conclusion, this study showed that exercise induced the expression of OSM and SPARC in several tissues by exercise stimulus, which is associated with apoptosis in tumor cells. And the magnitude of OSM and SPARC induction in muscle and tumor tissue was relatively higher in moderate and high intensity exercise groups than low intensity exercise group.
Key words: Exercise, colon, myokine, OSM, SPARC(ON)
